Rabi Narayan Kar(1) and Amanpreet Kaur(2)
1 Principal, Shyam Lal College, University of Delhi
2 Assistant Professor, Shyam Lal College, University of Delhi
Abstract:
Since ancient times, mandirs have been the hallmark of Bharat's cultural and spiritual heritage. More than places of prayer, the "Mandir ecosystem" has historically nurtured the Dharmic cultural and social milieu. Serving as repositories of knowledge, centers of charity, art and tradition, mandirs held administrative power, governed local self-governance and administered justice. They provided venues for community gatherings and entertainment, thus serving societal sustenance. In their multifaceted roles, mandirs in Bharat evolved into vibrant economic hubs, offering livelihoods to local communities. The symbiotic relationship between mandirs and civilization has long intertwined spirituality with community sustenance and economic prosperity and socio-economic landscape. Strategically placed along vital trade routes, ancient mandirs were linchpins in extensive trade networks, fostering cross-cultural interactions and the exchange of ideas. This paper delves into how the arthvyavastha of mandirs in Bharat shaped resource allocation and underscores the huge impact ancient mandirs had on the socio-economic framework of Indian Subcontinent.
Full Text:
An Understanding of Bharat's Mandir Arthvyavstha – Synthesizing Resource Allocation and Growth
References:
-
Aiyer, V. G. R. (1946). The Economy of a South Indian Temple. Annamalai University.
-
Appadorai, A. (1936). Economic Conditions In Southern India (1000-1500 Ad).
-
Biswas, P. (2023). A Study Of The Brahminical System Of Education In Ancient Period. Dejavu: A Multidisciplinary E-Journal, 1: 36- 41.
-
Champaklakshmi (1996). Trade Ideology and Urbanisation. Oxford University Press
-
Chawda, A. P. S. (2022). Temple Economy In Ancient & Medieval India. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/109159983/Temple_Economy_in_Ancient_and_Mediev…
-
Dayalan, D. (1992). Early Temples Of Tamilnadu: Their Role In Socio-Economic Life (C. Ad 550-925). Harman Publication House.
-
Dikshitulu R. and N. (2017). Tirumala – Sacred Foods Of God – Limited Edition. Lustre Publication.
-
Elisseeff, V. (2000) Ed. The Silk Roads: Highways Of Culture And Commerce. Berghahn Books.
-
Kavitha, M. (2017). Socio-Economic Functions Of Temples During Medieval Tamil Country 11th -16th Century A.D. International Journal Of Business And Management Invention(Ijbmi). 6(7), 18-23.
-
Geeta & Budhiraja, A.(2012). Bhog: Temple Food of India. Krishna Prerana Charitable Trust
-
Kannan, U. (2017). Madurai Malligai: Madurai and Its Jasmine A Celebration. Madurai: Thiagarajar Publication.
-
Kautilya, V. (4th Century BCE/ 1992) The Arthashastra (Edited, Rearranged, Translated and Introduced by L. N. Rangarajan). Penguin Books, New Delhi and New York.
-
Krusche, K. & Bharne, V. (2012). Rediscovering the Hindu Temple: The Sacred Architecture and Urbanism of India. Cambridge Scholars Publishing
-
Meena, R. (2014). Temple, Trade And Religious Communities: Saivism In Early Medieval Rajasthan. In Proceedings of The Indian History Congress, 75: 246-252.
-
Pandeya, B. K. (1979). The Chola Temples And Its Privileges. In Proceedings Of The Indian History Congress, 40. 125-128.
-
Pattanaik, D. (2023) How Ancient Indian Temples Enabled Spiritual And Economic Progress. Soul Veda. Retrieved from https://www.soulveda.com/guest-contributors/how-ancient-indian-temples-…
-
Ramakrishnan, P. (1998). Indian Mathematics Related to Architecture and Other Areas With Special reference to Kerala. Cochin University of Science and Technology
-
Raman, K. V. (2023). The Role of Temple in the Socio-Economic Life of the People Temple in India. Vivekananda Kendra Patrika.
-
Selvamani, P. (2019) Gurukul System-An Ancient Educational System Of India. International Journal Of Applied Social Science. 6. 1620-1622.
-
Shastri, N. K. A. (1955). A History of South India. Oxford University Press
-
Sharma, Archana. (2022) Other Interpretive Frameworks. In Mandala Urbanism, Landscape, And Ecology: Interpreting Classic Indian Texts And Vaastupurusha Mandala As A Framework For Organizing Towns, 27-34. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
-
Sharma, P. (2021). Reconstructing The History Of Cãhamãnas Of Nadol - An Inscriptional Study. Journal Of Indian History And Culture. 28.132-150.
-
Singh, S. (2024). Arthvyavstha of Mandir (Temple Economics).
-
Srinivas, T. (2023). Three Sacred Mouthfuls: Transformed And Transformative Materiality Of Sacred Food In Hindu Publics. In The Routledge Handbook Of Material Religion, 216-228. Routledge.
-
Waghorne, J. P. (2004) Diaspora Of The Gods: Modern Hindu Temples In An Urban Middle-Class World. Oxford University Press.
-
Verma, P. (2022). The Great Hindu Civilisation. Westland Books.